.. DO NOT EDIT.
.. THIS FILE WAS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED BY SPHINX-GALLERY.
.. TO MAKE CHANGES, EDIT THE SOURCE PYTHON FILE:
.. "user-guide/model-gallery/spectral/plot_naima.py"
.. LINE NUMBERS ARE GIVEN BELOW.

.. only:: html

    .. note::
        :class: sphx-glr-download-link-note

        :ref:`Go to the end <sphx_glr_download_user-guide_model-gallery_spectral_plot_naima.py>`
        to download the full example code. or to run this example in your browser via Binder

.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-example-title

.. _sphx_glr_user-guide_model-gallery_spectral_plot_naima.py:


.. _naima-spectral-model:

Naima spectral model
====================

This class provides an interface with the models defined in the naima models module.

The model accepts as a positional argument a `Naima <https://naima.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_
radiative `~naima.models` instance, used to compute the non-thermal emission from populations of
relativistic electrons or protons due to interactions with the ISM or with radiation and magnetic fields.

One of the advantages provided by this class consists in the possibility of performing a maximum
likelihood spectral fit of the model's parameters directly on observations, as opposed to the MCMC
`fit to flux points <https://naima.readthedocs.io/en/latest/mcmc.html>`_ featured in
Naima. All the parameters defining the parent population of charged particles are stored as
`~gammapy.modeling.Parameter` and left free by default. In case that the radiative model is
`~naima.radiative.Synchrotron`, the magnetic field strength may also be fitted. Parameters can be
freezed/unfreezed before the fit, and maximum/minimum values can be set to limit the parameters space to
the physically interesting region.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 26-30

Example plot
------------
Here we create and plot a spectral model that convolves an `~gammapy.modeling.models.ExpCutoffPowerLawSpectralModel`
electron distribution with an `InverseCompton` radiative model, in the presence of multiple seed photon fields.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 30-63

.. code-block:: Python


    from astropy import units as u
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    import naima
    from gammapy.modeling.models import Models, NaimaSpectralModel, SkyModel

    particle_distribution = naima.models.ExponentialCutoffPowerLaw(
        1e30 / u.eV, 10 * u.TeV, 3.0, 30 * u.TeV
    )
    radiative_model = naima.radiative.InverseCompton(
        particle_distribution,
        seed_photon_fields=["CMB", ["FIR", 26.5 * u.K, 0.415 * u.eV / u.cm**3]],
        Eemin=100 * u.GeV,
    )

    model = NaimaSpectralModel(radiative_model, distance=1.5 * u.kpc)

    opts = {
        "energy_bounds": [10 * u.GeV, 80 * u.TeV],
        "sed_type": "e2dnde",
    }

    # Plot the total inverse Compton emission
    model.plot(label="IC (total)", **opts)

    # Plot the separate contributions from each seed photon field
    for seed, ls in zip(["CMB", "FIR"], ["-", "--"]):
        model = NaimaSpectralModel(radiative_model, seed=seed, distance=1.5 * u.kpc)
        model.plot(label=f"IC ({seed})", ls=ls, color="gray", **opts)

    plt.legend(loc="best")
    plt.grid(which="both")




.. image-sg:: /user-guide/model-gallery/spectral/images/sphx_glr_plot_naima_001.png
   :alt: plot naima
   :srcset: /user-guide/model-gallery/spectral/images/sphx_glr_plot_naima_001.png
   :class: sphx-glr-single-img





.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 64-67

YAML representation
-------------------
Here is an example YAML file using the model:

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 67-72

.. code-block:: Python


    model = SkyModel(spectral_model=model, name="naima-model")
    models = Models([model])

    print(models.to_yaml())




.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out

 .. code-block:: none

    components:
    -   name: naima-model
        type: SkyModel
        spectral:
            type: NaimaSpectralModel
            parameters:
            -   name: amplitude
                value: 1.0e+30
                unit: eV-1
                error: 0
                min: .nan
                max: .nan
                frozen: false
                interp: lin
                scale_method: scale10
            -   name: e_0
                value: 10.0
                unit: TeV
                error: 0
                min: .nan
                max: .nan
                frozen: false
                interp: lin
                scale_method: scale10
            -   name: alpha
                value: 3.0
                unit: ''
                error: 0
                min: .nan
                max: .nan
                frozen: false
                interp: lin
                scale_method: scale10
            -   name: e_cutoff
                value: 30.0
                unit: TeV
                error: 0
                min: .nan
                max: .nan
                frozen: false
                interp: lin
                scale_method: scale10
            -   name: beta
                value: 1.0
                unit: ''
                error: 0
                min: .nan
                max: .nan
                frozen: false
                interp: lin
                scale_method: scale10
    metadata:
        creator: Gammapy 1.3
        date: '2024-11-26T10:08:46.632002'
        origin: null






.. _sphx_glr_download_user-guide_model-gallery_spectral_plot_naima.py:

.. only:: html

  .. container:: sphx-glr-footer sphx-glr-footer-example

    .. container:: binder-badge

      .. image:: images/binder_badge_logo.svg
        :target: https://mybinder.org/v2/gh/gammapy/gammapy-webpage/v1.3?urlpath=lab/tree/notebooks/1.3/user-guide/model-gallery/spectral/plot_naima.ipynb
        :alt: Launch binder
        :width: 150 px

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-jupyter

      :download:`Download Jupyter notebook: plot_naima.ipynb <plot_naima.ipynb>`

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-python

      :download:`Download Python source code: plot_naima.py <plot_naima.py>`

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-zip

      :download:`Download zipped: plot_naima.zip <plot_naima.zip>`


.. only:: html

 .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-signature

    `Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery <https://sphinx-gallery.github.io>`_