MapAxis¶

class gammapy.maps.MapAxis(nodes, interp='lin', name='', node_type='edges', unit='')[source]

Bases: object

Class representing an axis of a map.

Provides methods for transforming to/from axis and pixel coordinates. An axis is defined by a sequence of node values that lie at the center of each bin. The pixel coordinate at each node is equal to its index in the node array (0, 1, ..). Bin edges are offset by 0.5 in pixel coordinates from the nodes such that the lower/upper edge of the first bin is (-0.5,0.5).

Parameters
nodes

Array of node values. These will be interpreted as either bin edges or centers according to node_type.

interpstr

Interpolation method used to transform between axis and pixel coordinates. Valid options are ‘log’, ‘lin’, and ‘sqrt’.

namestr

Axis name

node_typestr

Flag indicating whether coordinate nodes correspond to pixel edges (node_type = ‘edge’) or pixel centers (node_type = ‘center’). ‘center’ should be used where the map values are defined at a specific coordinate (e.g. differential quantities). ‘edge’ should be used where map values are defined by an integral over coordinate intervals (e.g. a counts histogram).

unitstr

String specifying the data units.

Attributes Summary

 bin_width Array of bin widths. center Return array of bin centers. edges Return array of bin edges. interp Interpolation scale of the axis. name Name of the axis. nbin Return number of bins. node_type Return node type (‘center’ or ‘edge’). unit Return coordinate axis unit.

Methods Summary

 coord_to_idx(self, coord[, clip]) Transform from axis coordinate to bin index. coord_to_pix(self, coord) Transform from axis to pixel coordinates. copy(self, \*\*kwargs) Copy MapAxis instance and overwrite given attributes. downsample(self, factor) Downsample map axis by a given factor. from_bounds(lo_bnd, hi_bnd, nbin, \*\*kwargs) Generate an axis object from a lower/upper bound and number of bins. from_edges(edges, \*\*kwargs) Generate an axis object from a sequence of bin edges. from_energy_bounds(emin, emax, nbin[, unit, …]) Make an energy axis. from_nodes(nodes, \*\*kwargs) Generate an axis object from a sequence of nodes (bin centers). group_table(self, edges) Compute bin groups table for the map axis, given coarser bin edges. pix_to_coord(self, pix) Transform from pixel to axis coordinates. slice(self, idx) Create a new axis object by extracting a slice from this axis. squash(self) Create a new axis object by squashing the axis into one bin. upsample(self, factor) Upsample map axis by a given factor.

Attributes Documentation

bin_width

Array of bin widths.

center

Return array of bin centers.

edges

Return array of bin edges.

interp

Interpolation scale of the axis.

name

Name of the axis.

nbin

Return number of bins.

node_type

Return node type (‘center’ or ‘edge’).

unit

Return coordinate axis unit.

Methods Documentation

coord_to_idx(self, coord, clip=False)[source]

Transform from axis coordinate to bin index.

Parameters
coordndarray

Array of axis coordinate values.

clipbool

Choose whether to clip the index to the valid range of the axis. If false then indices for values outside the axis range will be set -1.

Returns
idxndarray

Array of bin indices.

coord_to_pix(self, coord)[source]

Transform from axis to pixel coordinates.

Parameters
coordndarray

Array of axis coordinate values.

Returns
pixndarray

Array of pixel coordinate values.

copy(self, **kwargs)[source]

Copy MapAxis instance and overwrite given attributes.

Parameters
**kwargsdict

Keyword arguments to overwrite in the map axis constructor.

Returns
copyMapAxis

Copied map axis.

downsample(self, factor)[source]

Downsample map axis by a given factor.

Parameters
factorint

Downsampling factor.

Returns
axisMapAxis

Downsampled map axis.

classmethod from_bounds(lo_bnd, hi_bnd, nbin, **kwargs)[source]

Generate an axis object from a lower/upper bound and number of bins.

If node_type = ‘edge’ then bounds correspond to the lower and upper bound of the first and last bin. If node_type = ‘center’ then bounds correspond to the centers of the first and last bin.

Parameters
lo_bndfloat

Lower bound of first axis bin.

hi_bndfloat

Upper bound of last axis bin.

nbinint

Number of bins.

interp{‘lin’, ‘log’, ‘sqrt’}

Interpolation method used to transform between axis and pixel coordinates. Default: ‘lin’.

classmethod from_edges(edges, **kwargs)[source]

Generate an axis object from a sequence of bin edges.

This method should be used to construct an axis where the bin edges should lie at specific values (e.g. a histogram). The number of bins will be one less than the number of edges.

Parameters
edgesndarray

Axis bin edges.

interp{‘lin’, ‘log’, ‘sqrt’}

Interpolation method used to transform between axis and pixel coordinates. Default: ‘lin’.

classmethod from_energy_bounds(emin, emax, nbin, unit=None, per_decade=False, name=None)[source]

Make an energy axis.

Used frequently also to make energy grids, by making the axis, and then using axis.center or axis.edges.

Parameters
emin, emaxQuantity, float

Energy range

nbinint

Number of bins

unitUnit

Energy unit

Whether nbin is given per decade.

energy_truebool

Whether energy is true energy

Returns
axisMapAxis

Axis with name “energy” and interp “log”.

classmethod from_nodes(nodes, **kwargs)[source]

Generate an axis object from a sequence of nodes (bin centers).

This will create a sequence of bins with edges half-way between the node values. This method should be used to construct an axis where the bin center should lie at a specific value (e.g. a map of a continuous function).

Parameters
nodesndarray

Axis nodes (bin center).

interp{‘lin’, ‘log’, ‘sqrt’}

Interpolation method used to transform between axis and pixel coordinates. Default: ‘lin’.

group_table(self, edges)[source]

Compute bin groups table for the map axis, given coarser bin edges.

Parameters
edgesQuantity

Group bin edges.

Returns
groupsTable

Map axis group table.

pix_to_coord(self, pix)[source]

Transform from pixel to axis coordinates.

Parameters
pixndarray

Array of pixel coordinate values.

Returns
coordndarray

Array of axis coordinate values.

slice(self, idx)[source]

Create a new axis object by extracting a slice from this axis.

Parameters
idxslice

Slice object selecting a subselection of the axis.

Returns
axisMapAxis

Sliced axis object.

squash(self)[source]

Create a new axis object by squashing the axis into one bin.

Returns
axisMapAxis

Sliced axis object.

upsample(self, factor)[source]

Upsample map axis by a given factor.

Parameters
factorint

Upsampling factor.

Returns
axisMapAxis

Usampled map axis.